Thermodynamic and Transport Properties of Pure and Saline Water

This chapter presents a complete collection of the thermodynamic and transport properties of seawater. The chapter reviews the available fundamental data and correlations of both the molecular transport and thermodynamic properties of saline water for a wide range of temperature (t), salinity (s), and pressure (p). The purpose is to establish a database that could be used to achieve systemic representations of, as many as possible, the basic properties required in many areas of analysis and in calculations concerning terrestrial surface-water transport processes and circulations. The properties calculated using a density relation are coefficient of thermal expansion, coefficient of saline expansion, change in specific heat, change in enthalpy, and change in entropy. The results for the change in specific heat along with other previously reported data of other properties are used to calculate the Prandtl number. The Schmidt number is compiled solely from previously reported measurements. However, except at low temperatures and pressures, good agreement can be seen in the comparison of thermal expansion results.