The significance of epithelial rests of malassez in the periodontal ligament

Introduction: The purpose of this review was to describe the function of epithelial rests of Malassez (ERMs) in a variety of physiologic and pathologic conditions. Methods: The authors performed a PubMed search on the term "epithelial rests" alone or in combination with "Malassez." Relevant articles were categorized into primary subtopics and related to current and historic literature. Results: The review was divided into 7 subtopics. Those sections discuss possible roles for ERM in a variety of physiologic and pathologic processes. Conclusions: ERMs have a fundamental role in root development, protect against root resorption, and are involved in reparative and regenerative functions of the pulp and periodontal tissues including apexogenesis and periodontal healing. They also appear to be involved in pathologic processes such as the development of oral cysts and tumors.