The effectiveness of cognitive remediation strategies for victims of traumatic head-injury: A review of the literature

The purpose of this article is to critically evaluate the efficacy of cognitive remediation interventions for head-injury victims. While some studies have reported improved performance on attention, self-regulation, and memory tasks, methodological inadequacies have prevented the isolation of specific treatment effects. However, some research does suggest that performance feedback and reinforcement can increase the efficacy of attention and self-regulation retraining procedures. Findings regarding the effectiveness of memory remediation interventions have been inconsistent. The impact of practice with mnemonic training strategies appears to be mediated by variables that affect the natural recovery process such as the severity of injury. It is suggested that greater attention be given to research design issues and to the consistent reporting of subject variables known to affect the natural recovery of cognitive function. Treatment providers are also urged to employ interventions that have been successful with similar patients, and to systematically evaluate treatment efficacy.