The critically low levels of vitamin D predicts the resolution of the ST-segment elevation after the primary percutaneous coronary intervention

Aims: To investigate the role of vitamin D2 on the resolution of ST-segment elevation (STE) after a primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), as serum levels of vitamin D have been associated with the severity of coronary artery disease. Methods and results: All patients who underwent PCI for STEMI were screened for enrolment. Vitamin D2 levels were measured on admission along with other biochemical and haematologic assays. The electrocardiography (ECG) was recorded upon arrival and 60 min after the completion of PCI. The primary endpoint of the study was a ≥ 50% resolution of ST-segment amplitude (+STR) when compared to the initial ECG. A logistic regression multivariate analysis was performed to examine the association of STR with all confounding variables, including the admission levels of vitamin D. Receiver-operator characteristics analysis was used to determine the cut-off value of vitamin D that was predictive of STR. Although there was no difference in STR based on standard classification of vitamin D sufficiency, critically low levels of vitamin D (<7.5 ng/mL) were significantly associated with the absence of STR after PCI (AUC was 0.65 ± 0.07; p < 0.001). Critical vitamin D deficiency was a moderate predictor of STR in these patients, with a sensitivity of 86% and specificity of 54%. Conclusion: We concluded that although levels below ten ng/mL were generally accepted as vitamin D deficiency, only critically low levels of this vitamin (<7.5 ng/dL) reliably predicted the resolution of ST-segment after a primary PCI for patients with STEMI.