Temperature dependence of Joule heating in Zigzag Graphene Nanoribbon

Using full-band electron and phonon dispersion relations, we investigate the temperature dependence of Joule heating in Zigzag Graphene Nanoribbons under high electrical field. The Joule heating at different temperatures always increases linearly with time, therefore the Joule heating power is a constant. Because more scattering mechanisms are available for electrons in Zigzag Graphene Nanoribbon, it has higher Joule heating power than Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube. At temperatures of 300 K, 600 K, and 900 K, the Joule heating power of Zigzag Graphene Nanoribbon has the ratio 1:6.7:12.6. This is explained approximately by the relationship between energy transferring rates and average phonon energy in phonon modes.