Static procedures for the management of the midface and lower face

Facial reanimation for facial paralysis continues to be an evolving field in facial reconstruction. Static procedures in the management of mid and lower facial paralysis include the use of facial slings made from autologous tissue, freeze-dried acellular human dermis, and expanded polytetrafluoroethylene. A newly described suspension technique using a multivector suture suspension stands to expand the tools that can be used by the reconstructive surgeon. This article describes and contrasts each of these techniques.