Reliable medical diagnosis from crowdsourcing: Discover trustworthy answers from non-experts

Nowadays, increasingly more people are receiving medical diagnoses from healthcare-related question answering platforms as people can get diagnoses quickly and conveniently. However, such diagnoses from non-expert crowdsourcing users are noisy or even wrong due to the lack of medical domain knowledge, which can cause serious consequences. To unleash the power of crowdsourcing on healthcare question answering, it is important to identify trustworthy answers and filter out noisy ones from user-generated data. Truth discovery methods estimate user reliability degrees and infer trustworthy information simultaneously, and thus these methods can be adopted to discover trustworthy diagnoses from crowdsourced answers. However, existing truth discovery methods do not take into account the rich semantic meanings of the answers. In the light of this challenge, we propose a method to automatically capture the semantic meanings of answers, where answers are represented as real-valued vectors in the semantic space. To learn such vector representations from noisy user-generated data, we tightly combine the truth discovery and vector learning processes. In this way, the learned vector representations enable truth discovery method to model the semantic relations among answers, and the information trustworthiness inferred by truth discovery can help the procedure of vector representation learning. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method, we collect a largescale real-world dataset that involves 219; 527 medical diagnosis questions and 23; 657 non-expert users. Experimental results show that the proposed method improves the accuracy of identified trustworthy answers due to the successful consideration of answers' semantic meanings. Further, we demonstrate the fast convergence and good scalability of the proposed method, which makes it practical for real-world applications.