Premenstrual syndromes: Closing the 20th century chapters

The need to re-evaluate premenstrual syndromes became apparent in 1997- 1998 and early 1999. The success stories of some symptomatic treatment modalities and more sophisticated studies of pathobiology chart the pathways for future progress: the shift from a descriptive diagnosis to diagnoses based on etiology, the recognition of diversified vulnerabilities and their expression in particular situations, and specific treatment modalities.