Potential of high-stability perovskite solar cells for low-intensity-low-temperature (LILT) outer planetary space missions

Mixed-cation-based perovskite solar cells are investigated under conditions consistent with those found in orbit around Mars, Jupiter, and Saturn. Temperature dependent photoluminescence spectra show no evidence of a phase change demonstrating the stability of these systems. At low temperature, a barrier that impedes current flow and reduces the fill factor is apparent in the operation of the solar cell, particularly at 1 sun AM0. However, under low intensity and low temperature, where thermionic emission limits the carrier extraction, the fill factor and efficiency are recovered demonstrating the promise of these systems for deep space missions.