PLUS: A probe-loss utilization streaming mechanism for distributed multimedia presentation systems

In this paper, we present a new flow and congestion control scheme, PLUS (Probe-Loss Utilization Streaming protocol), for distributed multimedia presentation systems. This scheme utilizes probing of the network situation and an effective adjustment mechanism to data loss to support multimedia presentations. The proposed scheme is also designed to scale with increasing number of PLUS-based streaming traffic and to live in harmony with TCP-based traffic. The novelty of the PLUS protocol is that it utilizes the knowledge of its future bottleneck bandwidth in probing the current network situation. This can be achieved by a priori knowledge of the multimedia data before a presentation is requested by a client. Compression schemes like MPEG introduce dependencies on media units. I frames are needed to successfully decode P and B frames, and P frames are needed to decode B frames. A loss of an I or P frame automatically eliminates dependent media units. Our probing scheme increases the successful transmission of critical I and P packets without the overhead of error-correction-schemes. Probing is done using B-frame packets. The advantage is that we use data packets as probe packets. With the PLUS protocol we address the need to avoid congestion rather than react to it. Experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of the approach in utilizing network resources and decreasing loss ratios.