Phase Tunable Liquid Metal Reflecting Element for Reconfigurable Reflectarrays

Nathan Chordas-Ewell; Md Abdul Kaium Khan; Peter Q. Liu; Jun H. Choi

doi:10.1109/AP-S/CNC-USNC-URSI55537.2025.11266316

Phase Tunable Liquid Metal Reflecting Element for Reconfigurable Reflectarrays

Nathan Chordas-Ewell
, Md Abdul Kaium Khan
, Peter Q. Liu
, Jun H. Choi

Department of Electrical Engineering

SUNY Buffalo

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference contribution › peer-review

Abstract

This paper presents the design and implementation of a tunable, liquid metal (LM)-based reflecting element operating in the X-band at 8.5 GHz. The reflecting element achieves phase control by pneumatically extending the liquid metal through fluidic channels molded into polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) around the patch. Full-wave simulation results are validated using a fabricated sample tested in a WR-90 waveguide, demonstrating phase tunability of up to 326°.

Original language	English
Title of host publication	2025 IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation and North American Radio Science Meeting, AP-S/CNC-USNC-URSI 2025 - Proceedings
Publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.
Pages	2840-2842
Number of pages	3
ISBN (Electronic)	9798331523671
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1109/AP-S/CNC-USNC-URSI55537.2025.11266316
State	Published - 2025
Event	2025 IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation and North American Radio Science Meeting, AP-S/CNC-USNC-URSI 2025 - Ottawa, Canada Duration: Jul 13 2025 → Jul 18 2025

Publication series

Name	IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society, AP-S International Symposium (Digest)
ISSN (Print)	1522-3965
ISSN (Electronic)	1947-1491

Conference

Conference	2025 IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation and North American Radio Science Meeting, AP-S/CNC-USNC-URSI 2025
Country/Territory	Canada
City	Ottawa
Period	07/13/25 → 07/18/25

Access to Document

10.1109/AP-S/CNC-USNC-URSI55537.2025.11266316

Cite this

Chordas-Ewell, N., Khan, M. A. K., Liu, P. Q., & Choi, J. H. (2025). Phase Tunable Liquid Metal Reflecting Element for Reconfigurable Reflectarrays. In 2025 IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation and North American Radio Science Meeting, AP-S/CNC-USNC-URSI 2025 - Proceedings (pp. 2840-2842). (IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society, AP-S International Symposium (Digest)). Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.. https://doi.org/10.1109/AP-S/CNC-USNC-URSI55537.2025.11266316

Chordas-Ewell, Nathan ; Khan, Md Abdul Kaium ; Liu, Peter Q. et al. / Phase Tunable Liquid Metal Reflecting Element for Reconfigurable Reflectarrays. 2025 IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation and North American Radio Science Meeting, AP-S/CNC-USNC-URSI 2025 - Proceedings. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2025. pp. 2840-2842 (IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society, AP-S International Symposium (Digest)).

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title = "Phase Tunable Liquid Metal Reflecting Element for Reconfigurable Reflectarrays",

abstract = "This paper presents the design and implementation of a tunable, liquid metal (LM)-based reflecting element operating in the X-band at 8.5 GHz. The reflecting element achieves phase control by pneumatically extending the liquid metal through fluidic channels molded into polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) around the patch. Full-wave simulation results are validated using a fabricated sample tested in a WR-90 waveguide, demonstrating phase tunability of up to 326°.",

author = "Nathan Chordas-Ewell and Khan, \{Md Abdul Kaium\} and Liu, \{Peter Q.\} and Choi, \{Jun H.\}",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2025 IEEE.; 2025 IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation and North American Radio Science Meeting, AP-S/CNC-USNC-URSI 2025 ; Conference date: 13-07-2025 Through 18-07-2025",

year = "2025",

doi = "10.1109/AP-S/CNC-USNC-URSI55537.2025.11266316",

language = "English",

series = "IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society, AP-S International Symposium (Digest)",

publisher = "Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.",

pages = "2840--2842",

booktitle = "2025 IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation and North American Radio Science Meeting, AP-S/CNC-USNC-URSI 2025 - Proceedings",

address = "United States",

}

Chordas-Ewell, N, Khan, MAK, Liu, PQ & Choi, JH 2025, Phase Tunable Liquid Metal Reflecting Element for Reconfigurable Reflectarrays. in 2025 IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation and North American Radio Science Meeting, AP-S/CNC-USNC-URSI 2025 - Proceedings. IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society, AP-S International Symposium (Digest), Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., pp. 2840-2842, 2025 IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation and North American Radio Science Meeting, AP-S/CNC-USNC-URSI 2025, Ottawa, Canada, 07/13/25. https://doi.org/10.1109/AP-S/CNC-USNC-URSI55537.2025.11266316

Phase Tunable Liquid Metal Reflecting Element for Reconfigurable Reflectarrays. / Chordas-Ewell, Nathan; Khan, Md Abdul Kaium; Liu, Peter Q. et al.
2025 IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation and North American Radio Science Meeting, AP-S/CNC-USNC-URSI 2025 - Proceedings. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2025. p. 2840-2842 (IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society, AP-S International Symposium (Digest)).

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference contribution › peer-review

TY - GEN

T1 - Phase Tunable Liquid Metal Reflecting Element for Reconfigurable Reflectarrays

AU - Chordas-Ewell, Nathan

AU - Khan, Md Abdul Kaium

AU - Liu, Peter Q.

AU - Choi, Jun H.

PY - 2025

Y1 - 2025

N2 - This paper presents the design and implementation of a tunable, liquid metal (LM)-based reflecting element operating in the X-band at 8.5 GHz. The reflecting element achieves phase control by pneumatically extending the liquid metal through fluidic channels molded into polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) around the patch. Full-wave simulation results are validated using a fabricated sample tested in a WR-90 waveguide, demonstrating phase tunability of up to 326°.

AB - This paper presents the design and implementation of a tunable, liquid metal (LM)-based reflecting element operating in the X-band at 8.5 GHz. The reflecting element achieves phase control by pneumatically extending the liquid metal through fluidic channels molded into polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) around the patch. Full-wave simulation results are validated using a fabricated sample tested in a WR-90 waveguide, demonstrating phase tunability of up to 326°.

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105030879658

U2 - 10.1109/AP-S/CNC-USNC-URSI55537.2025.11266316

DO - 10.1109/AP-S/CNC-USNC-URSI55537.2025.11266316

M3 - Conference contribution

AN - SCOPUS:105030879658

T3 - IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society, AP-S International Symposium (Digest)

SP - 2840

EP - 2842

BT - 2025 IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation and North American Radio Science Meeting, AP-S/CNC-USNC-URSI 2025 - Proceedings

PB - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.

T2 - 2025 IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation and North American Radio Science Meeting, AP-S/CNC-USNC-URSI 2025

Y2 - 13 July 2025 through 18 July 2025

ER -

Chordas-Ewell N, Khan MAK, Liu PQ , Choi JH. Phase Tunable Liquid Metal Reflecting Element for Reconfigurable Reflectarrays. In 2025 IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation and North American Radio Science Meeting, AP-S/CNC-USNC-URSI 2025 - Proceedings. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc. 2025. p. 2840-2842. (IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society, AP-S International Symposium (Digest)). doi: 10.1109/AP-S/CNC-USNC-URSI55537.2025.11266316

Phase Tunable Liquid Metal Reflecting Element for Reconfigurable Reflectarrays

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