Occupational stress and personality traits in multiple sclerosis: A preliminary study

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a demyelinating and neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system, causing a wide range of neurological and psychological symptoms. Impairment of ambulation and cognition in particular are associated with work difficulties and unemployment. Although many aspects of work status have been investigated in MS, there are no reports on factors that predict the development of occupational stress, prior to job loss. The aim of this preliminary study was to ascertain if personality traits predispose MS patients to occupational stress. We evaluated 26 MS patients using physical disability scales and self-report questionnaires focused on mood, fatigue, and personality [measured with the NEO Five Factor Inventory]. The primary outcome measure was the Occupational Stress Indicator [OSI]. Results showed significant positive correlations (p<.05) between high neuroticism, and occupational stress. Conversely, low extraversion and conscientiousness were also associated with job stress. The direction of these correlations was consistent with prior research showing that high neuroticism, and low extraversion and conscientiousness, are risk factors for MS disease severity as evidenced by brain atrophy, cognitive impairment and adaptation in MS. We are developing interventions to help patients cope with these maladaptive personality dispositions in the hope that employment may be maintained.