Network-ensemble comparisons with stochastic rewiring and von neumann entropy^*

Assessing whether a given network is typical or atypical for a random-network ensemble (i.e., network-ensemble comparison) has widespread applications ranging from null-model selection and hypothesis testing to clustering and classifying networks. We develop a framework for network-ensemble comparison by subjecting the network to stochastic rewiring. We study two rewiring processes—uniform and degree-preserved rewiring—which yield random-network ensembles that converge to the Erdos–Rényi and configuration-model ensembles, respectively. We study convergence through von Neumann entropy (VNE)—a network summary statistic measuring information content based on the spectra of a Laplacian matrix—and develop a perturbation analysis for the expected effect of rewiring on VNE. Our analysis yields an estimate for how many rewires are required for a given network to resemble a typical network from an ensemble, offering a computationally efficient quantity for network-ensemble comparison that does not require simulation of the corresponding rewiring process.