Multipurpose DIY Spectrophotometer for Teaching Analytical Chemistry

Spectroscopy is an integral part of chemical research, and the operation of any spectroscopic instrument is critical in chemical education. This study presents a low-cost, do-it-yourself (DIY) style spectrophotometer system that can be adapted for UV-vis spectrophotometry, fluorimetry, and atomic emission spectroscopy applications. The DIY system is constructed with commonly available hardware and 3D-printed parts, totaling less than $100 USD. Python code is also provided to process the color spectrum image into intensity vs wavelength data, similar to any commercial-level instrument. The functionality of the DIY spectrophotometer is demonstrated with the absorption of KMnO₄, fluorescence of fluorescein and atomic emission of LiCl, NaCl, BaCl₂, and SrCl₂. All of the collected spectra show accurate results compared to a commercial instrument or existing literature. The goal of this project is to provide a hands-on platform for undergraduate students to see and modify the individual components of a spectrophotometer, which will enhance their understanding of the underlying principles.