Molecular Modification of Neural Networks: Altering Synaptic Function Through the use of Viral Mediated Gene Transfer

One approach to the study of network function involves genetic manipulation of components that affect the synapse. These studies can be performed in dissociated neurons that form synapses, in organotypic slice preparations that retain synaptic features and also in the intact mammalian nervous system. Synaptogenesis can be viewed as a continuum from early developmental events including growth cone navigation, target cell selection, and synapse maturation induced by experiential dependent modifications or plasticity. This work describes the multiple levels at which discrete genetic manipulations can be made, how changes in molecules important in synaptogenesis can affect synapse structure/function, and the ways in which available genetic interventions can be used to modify the synapse.