Matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor modulates esterase-catalyzed degradation of resin–dentin interfaces

Objective Assess the modulating effect of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) inhibition on simulated human salivary enzyme (SHSE)-catalyzed degradation of interfacial fracture-toughness (FT) of self-etched and total-etched resin–dentin interfaces. Methods Miniature short-rod FT specimens (N = 10/group) containing a resin composite bonded to human dentin, using a self-etch (Easy Bond, EB) or a total-etch (Scotchbond, SB) adhesives, were prepared with and without application of an MMP inhibitor (galardin). Specimens were non-incubated or incubated in phosphate buffered saline (PBS) or SHSE for 7, 30, 90, or 180-days. FT data were obtained using a universal testing machine. Incubation media were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) for the presence of a 2,2-bis-[4-2(2-hydroxy-3-methacryloxypropoxy)phenyl]-propane (bisGMA)-derived degradation product, bis-hydroxy-propoxy-phenyl-propane (bisHPPP). Fractographic analysis was performed by scanning electron microscopy and image processing software (ImageJ). Statistical analysis was performed by ANOVA and Tukey's (p < 0.05). Results More bisHPPP was detected in SHSE vs. PBS for both adhesive systems (p < 0.05). EB specimens yielded no difference in FT and failed preferentially in the resin after >30-days (p < 0.05). SB specimens yielded lower FT values after 180-days with SHSE ±galardin vs. 0-days/no-galardin (p < 0.05) and failed preferentially in the hybrid-layer after >30-days (p < 0.05). Galardin mildly modulated the change in fracture mode for both systems. Significance Esterase-catalyzed degradation of total-etch interfaces is modulated by MMP-inhibition, however, self-etch interfaces possess greater biostability under simulated intra-oral conditions, regardless of MMP inhibition. This could be related to different chemical compositions and/or mode of adhesion.