Leveraging behavioral genetics methods to accelerate obesity protection discovery: the Augmented T0 Discordant Sibling Design

Researchers have been reimagining strategies to accelerate the pacing of translational science progress so that basic T0 discoveries can be converted more efficiently to T1 to T4 interventions. This is certainly true in the context of childhood obesity prevention given its complex etiology and heterogeneity. Here it is submitted that behavioral genetics methods, which have transformed the understanding of childhood obesity risk, have unrealized potential to accelerate translational science into childhood obesity protection (i.e., maintaining healthy weight status despite the presence of reliable risk factors). To illustrate this opportunity, this Perspective proposes the Augmented T0 Discordant Sibling Design (DSD⁺), which leverages the traditional discordant siblings design by recruiting obesity-discordant siblings specifically from families in which parents have obesity and thereby confer heightened risk. This one modification of a tried-and-true behavior genetics design arguably opens a fascinating door of inquiry, illustrating the broader point. Moreover, as most disorders are familial, the DSD⁺ may stimulate ideas beyond obesity protection.