Levels of salivary cystatins in periodontally healthy and diseased older adults

Cystatins are cysteine protease inhibitors present in a variety of tissues and body fluids, including saliva. One possible function of these molecules may be to modulate tissue destruction in periodontal diseases. To investigate the potential role of salivary cystatins in these events, the levels of cystatins in saliva from periodontally healthy and diseased individuals were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Flow rates and total protein content were determined in all the samples collected, while cysteine protease inhibitory activity was assessed in submandibular-sublingual secretions. Statistical analysis showed no significant differences in the levels and activity of salivary cystatins in periodontally healthy and diseased individuals. These findings suggest that comparing the levels of cystatins in glandular salivas may not be a suitable indicator of periodontal disease status.