TY - JOUR
T1 - Internal jugular vein cross-sectional area enlargement is associated with aging in healthy individuals
AU - Magnano, Christopher
AU - Belov, Pavel
AU - Krawiecki, Jacqueline
AU - Hagemeier, Jesper
AU - Beggs, Clive
AU - Zivadinov, Robert
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2016 Chen et al.This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
PY - 2016/2
Y1 - 2016/2
N2 - Background Internal jugular vein(IJV) narrowing has been implicated in central nervous system pathologies, however normal physiological age- and gender-related IJV variance in healthy individuals(HIs) has not been adequately assessed. Objectives We assessed the relationship between IJV cross-sectional area(CSA) and aging. Materials and Methods This study involved 193 HIs(63 males and 130 females) who received 2-dimensional magnetic resonance venography at 3T. The minimum CSA of the IJVs at cervical levels C2/C3, C4, C5/C6, and C7/T1 was obtained using a semi-automated contouring-thresholding technique. Subjects were grouped by decade. Pearson and partial correlation(controlled for cardiovascular risk factors, including hypertension, heart disease, smoking and body mass index) and analysis of variance analyses were used, with paired t-tests comparing side differences. Results Mean right IJV CSA ranges were: in males, 41.6 mm2(C2/C3) to 82.0 mm2(C7/T1); in females, 38.0 mm2(C2/C3) to 62.3 mm2(C7/T1), while the equivalent left side ranges were: in males, 28.0 mm2(C2/C3) to 52.2 mm2(C7/T1); in females, 27.2 mm2(C2/C3) to 47.8 mm2(C7/T1). The CSA of the right IJVs was significantly larger(p<0.001) than the left at all cervical levels. Controlling for cardiovascular risk factors, the correlation between age and IJV CSA was more robust in males than in the females for all cervical levels. Conclusions In HIs age, gender, hand side and cervical location all affect IJV CSA. These findings suggest that any definition of IJV stenosis needs to account for these factors.
AB - Background Internal jugular vein(IJV) narrowing has been implicated in central nervous system pathologies, however normal physiological age- and gender-related IJV variance in healthy individuals(HIs) has not been adequately assessed. Objectives We assessed the relationship between IJV cross-sectional area(CSA) and aging. Materials and Methods This study involved 193 HIs(63 males and 130 females) who received 2-dimensional magnetic resonance venography at 3T. The minimum CSA of the IJVs at cervical levels C2/C3, C4, C5/C6, and C7/T1 was obtained using a semi-automated contouring-thresholding technique. Subjects were grouped by decade. Pearson and partial correlation(controlled for cardiovascular risk factors, including hypertension, heart disease, smoking and body mass index) and analysis of variance analyses were used, with paired t-tests comparing side differences. Results Mean right IJV CSA ranges were: in males, 41.6 mm2(C2/C3) to 82.0 mm2(C7/T1); in females, 38.0 mm2(C2/C3) to 62.3 mm2(C7/T1), while the equivalent left side ranges were: in males, 28.0 mm2(C2/C3) to 52.2 mm2(C7/T1); in females, 27.2 mm2(C2/C3) to 47.8 mm2(C7/T1). The CSA of the right IJVs was significantly larger(p<0.001) than the left at all cervical levels. Controlling for cardiovascular risk factors, the correlation between age and IJV CSA was more robust in males than in the females for all cervical levels. Conclusions In HIs age, gender, hand side and cervical location all affect IJV CSA. These findings suggest that any definition of IJV stenosis needs to account for these factors.
UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/84960879974
U2 - 10.1371/journal.pone.0149532
DO - 10.1371/journal.pone.0149532
M3 - Article
C2 - 26895434
AN - SCOPUS:84960879974
SN - 1932-6203
VL - 11
JO - PLOS ONE
JF - PLOS ONE
IS - 2
M1 - e0149532
ER -