TY - JOUR
T1 - Intakes of vitamins A, C, and e and use of multiple vitamin supplements and risk of colon cancer
T2 - A pooled analysis of prospective cohort studies
AU - Park, Yikyung
AU - Spiegelman, Donna
AU - Hunter, David J.
AU - Albanes, Demetrius
AU - Bergkvist, Leif
AU - Buring, Julie E.
AU - Freudenheim, Jo L.
AU - Giovannucci, Edward
AU - Goldbohm, R. Alexandra
AU - Harnack, Lisa
AU - Kato, Ikuko
AU - Krogh, Vittorio
AU - Leitzmann, Michael F.
AU - Limburg, Paul J.
AU - Marshall, James R.
AU - McCullough, Marjorie L.
AU - Miller, Anthony B.
AU - Rohan, Thomas E.
AU - Schatzkin, Arthur
AU - Shore, Roy
AU - Sieri, Sabina
AU - Stampfer, Meir J.
AU - Virtamo, Jarmo
AU - Weijenberg, Matty
AU - Willett, Walter C.
AU - Wolk, Alicja
AU - Zhang, Shumin M.
AU - Smith-Warner, Stephanie A.
PY - 2010/11
Y1 - 2010/11
N2 - Objective: To evaluate the associations between intakes of vitamins A, C, and E and risk of colon cancer. Methods: Using the primary data from 13 cohort studies, we estimated study-and sex-specific relative risks (RR) with Cox proportional hazards models and subsequently pooled RRs using a random effects model. Results: Among 676,141 men and women, 5,454 colon cancer cases were identified (7-20 years of follow-up across studies). Vitamin A, C, and E intakes from food only were not associated with colon cancer risk. For intakes from food and supplements (total), the pooled multivariate RRs (95% CI) were 0.88 (0.76-1.02, >4,000 vs. ≤1,000 μg/day) for vitamin A, 0.81 (0.71-0.92, >600 vs. ≤100 mg/day) for vitamin C, and 0.78 (0.66-0.92, >200 vs. ≤6 mg/day) for vitamin E. Adjustment for total folate intake attenuated these associations, but the inverse associations with vitamins C and E remained significant. Multivitamin use was significantly inversely associated with colon cancer risk (RR = 0.88, 95% CI: 0.81-0.96). Conclusions: Modest inverse associations with vitamin C and E intakes may be due to high correlations with folate intake, which had a similar inverse association with colon cancer. An inverse association with multivitamin use, a major source of folate and other vitamins, deserves further study.
AB - Objective: To evaluate the associations between intakes of vitamins A, C, and E and risk of colon cancer. Methods: Using the primary data from 13 cohort studies, we estimated study-and sex-specific relative risks (RR) with Cox proportional hazards models and subsequently pooled RRs using a random effects model. Results: Among 676,141 men and women, 5,454 colon cancer cases were identified (7-20 years of follow-up across studies). Vitamin A, C, and E intakes from food only were not associated with colon cancer risk. For intakes from food and supplements (total), the pooled multivariate RRs (95% CI) were 0.88 (0.76-1.02, >4,000 vs. ≤1,000 μg/day) for vitamin A, 0.81 (0.71-0.92, >600 vs. ≤100 mg/day) for vitamin C, and 0.78 (0.66-0.92, >200 vs. ≤6 mg/day) for vitamin E. Adjustment for total folate intake attenuated these associations, but the inverse associations with vitamins C and E remained significant. Multivitamin use was significantly inversely associated with colon cancer risk (RR = 0.88, 95% CI: 0.81-0.96). Conclusions: Modest inverse associations with vitamin C and E intakes may be due to high correlations with folate intake, which had a similar inverse association with colon cancer. An inverse association with multivitamin use, a major source of folate and other vitamins, deserves further study.
KW - Cohort study
KW - Colon cancer
KW - Multivitamin
KW - Pooled analysis
KW - Vitamin A
KW - Vitamin C
KW - Vitamin E
UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/78449307671
U2 - 10.1007/s10552-010-9549-y
DO - 10.1007/s10552-010-9549-y
M3 - Article
C2 - 20820901
AN - SCOPUS:78449307671
SN - 0957-5243
VL - 21
SP - 1745
EP - 1757
JO - Cancer Causes and Control
JF - Cancer Causes and Control
IS - 11
ER -