Hydrogen Metabolism in Rhizobium: Energetics, Regulation, Enzymology and Genetics

Mark R. O'Brian; Robert J. Maier

doi:10.1016/S0065-2911(08)60345-8

Hydrogen Metabolism in Rhizobium: Energetics, Regulation, Enzymology and Genetics

Mark R. O'Brian
, Robert J. Maier

Biochemistry

Johns Hopkins University

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

14 Scopus citations

Abstract

Hydrogen (H₂) utilization can occur in aerobic and anaerobic bacteria and is linked to ATP-producing electron transport systems. The aerobic N₂-fixing bacteria evolve and consume H₂, and among this group are the rhizobia, the azotobacter, and the cyanobacteria. Hydrogen evolution by these micro-organisms is catalyzed by nitrogenase and an uptake hydrogenase is responsible for H₂ oxidation. Whereas the cyanobacteria have hydrogenase activity even in cells not fixing N₂, hydrogenase is generally derepressed under N₂-fixing conditions in Azotobacter and in hydrogen uptake positive (Hup+) strains of Rhizobium. In addition, the autotrophic growth of R. japonicum on H₂ has been demonstrated in the laboratory, and thus H₂ oxidation by this bacterium, without concomitant N₂ fixation, may conceivably occur in nature under some conditions. This chapter discusses H₂ metabolism in Rhizohium, particularly R. japonicum and R. leguminosarum. The enzymology of hydrogenase concentrates on R. japonicum because the R. leguminosarum enzyme has yet to be purified and characterized. Different approaches have been taken in studying genetic problems concerning H₂ metabolism in R. japonicum and R. leguminosarum.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	1-52
Number of pages	52
Journal	Advances in Microbial Physiology
Volume	29
Issue number	C
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0065-2911(08)60345-8
State	Published - Jan 1 1988

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title = "Hydrogen Metabolism in Rhizobium: Energetics, Regulation, Enzymology and Genetics",

abstract = "Hydrogen (H2) utilization can occur in aerobic and anaerobic bacteria and is linked to ATP-producing electron transport systems. The aerobic N2-fixing bacteria evolve and consume H2, and among this group are the rhizobia, the azotobacter, and the cyanobacteria. Hydrogen evolution by these micro-organisms is catalyzed by nitrogenase and an uptake hydrogenase is responsible for H2 oxidation. Whereas the cyanobacteria have hydrogenase activity even in cells not fixing N2, hydrogenase is generally derepressed under N2-fixing conditions in Azotobacter and in hydrogen uptake positive (Hup+) strains of Rhizobium. In addition, the autotrophic growth of R. japonicum on H2 has been demonstrated in the laboratory, and thus H2 oxidation by this bacterium, without concomitant N2 fixation, may conceivably occur in nature under some conditions. This chapter discusses H2 metabolism in Rhizohium, particularly R. japonicum and R. leguminosarum. The enzymology of hydrogenase concentrates on R. japonicum because the R. leguminosarum enzyme has yet to be purified and characterized. Different approaches have been taken in studying genetic problems concerning H2 metabolism in R. japonicum and R. leguminosarum.",

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AU - O'Brian, Mark R.

AU - Maier, Robert J.

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Y1 - 1988/1/1

N2 - Hydrogen (H2) utilization can occur in aerobic and anaerobic bacteria and is linked to ATP-producing electron transport systems. The aerobic N2-fixing bacteria evolve and consume H2, and among this group are the rhizobia, the azotobacter, and the cyanobacteria. Hydrogen evolution by these micro-organisms is catalyzed by nitrogenase and an uptake hydrogenase is responsible for H2 oxidation. Whereas the cyanobacteria have hydrogenase activity even in cells not fixing N2, hydrogenase is generally derepressed under N2-fixing conditions in Azotobacter and in hydrogen uptake positive (Hup+) strains of Rhizobium. In addition, the autotrophic growth of R. japonicum on H2 has been demonstrated in the laboratory, and thus H2 oxidation by this bacterium, without concomitant N2 fixation, may conceivably occur in nature under some conditions. This chapter discusses H2 metabolism in Rhizohium, particularly R. japonicum and R. leguminosarum. The enzymology of hydrogenase concentrates on R. japonicum because the R. leguminosarum enzyme has yet to be purified and characterized. Different approaches have been taken in studying genetic problems concerning H2 metabolism in R. japonicum and R. leguminosarum.

AB - Hydrogen (H2) utilization can occur in aerobic and anaerobic bacteria and is linked to ATP-producing electron transport systems. The aerobic N2-fixing bacteria evolve and consume H2, and among this group are the rhizobia, the azotobacter, and the cyanobacteria. Hydrogen evolution by these micro-organisms is catalyzed by nitrogenase and an uptake hydrogenase is responsible for H2 oxidation. Whereas the cyanobacteria have hydrogenase activity even in cells not fixing N2, hydrogenase is generally derepressed under N2-fixing conditions in Azotobacter and in hydrogen uptake positive (Hup+) strains of Rhizobium. In addition, the autotrophic growth of R. japonicum on H2 has been demonstrated in the laboratory, and thus H2 oxidation by this bacterium, without concomitant N2 fixation, may conceivably occur in nature under some conditions. This chapter discusses H2 metabolism in Rhizohium, particularly R. japonicum and R. leguminosarum. The enzymology of hydrogenase concentrates on R. japonicum because the R. leguminosarum enzyme has yet to be purified and characterized. Different approaches have been taken in studying genetic problems concerning H2 metabolism in R. japonicum and R. leguminosarum.

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JO - Advances in Microbial Physiology

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IS - C

ER -

Hydrogen Metabolism in Rhizobium: Energetics, Regulation, Enzymology and Genetics

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