Fraud detection in healthcare

Healthcare fraud has been one of the biggest problem faced by United States, and almost every other nation, costing tens of billions of dollars a year. With growing healthcare expenditure, currently estimated to exceed $3 trillion in 2014 [21], the threat of healthcare fraud is increasing at an alarming pace. The complexity of the healthcare domain, which includes multiple sets of participants, including healthcare providers, beneficiaries (patients), and insurance companies, makes the problem of detecting healthcare fraud equally challenging and sets it apart from other similar areas such as credit card [7] and auto insurance fraud detection [16].