TY - GEN
T1 - Fate of pharmaceutical and biological contaminants through the preparation and application of urine derived fertilizers
AU - Goetsch, Heather
AU - Mullen, Rachel
AU - Lahr, Rebecca
AU - Noe-Hays, Abraham
AU - Aga, Diana
AU - Bott, Charles
AU - Foxman, Betsy
AU - Jimenez, Jose
AU - Love, Nancy
AU - Luo, Ting
AU - Nace, Kim
AU - Ramadugu, Kirtana
AU - Wigginton, Krista
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
Copyright ©2015 Water Environmental Federation.
PY - 2015
Y1 - 2015
N2 - Source separation of urine provides benefits over traditional wastewater nutrient management including providing urine-derived fertilizer. Environmental and human health implications must first be evaluated before urine-derived fertilizer can be implemented widely. The urine used for this study was well characterized with nutrient, biological, and pharmaceutical analyses, and results indicate similar composition to other urine-derived fertilizers. Certain pharmaceuticals persist through application and can be detected at low concentrations in lysimeter water and plant tissue. As determined by nucleic acid staining, more than 108 cells/mL remain in urine that was stored for more than three months; however, BacLight viability staining suggests that more than 50% of bacteria in two-month-old urine have damaged membranes.
AB - Source separation of urine provides benefits over traditional wastewater nutrient management including providing urine-derived fertilizer. Environmental and human health implications must first be evaluated before urine-derived fertilizer can be implemented widely. The urine used for this study was well characterized with nutrient, biological, and pharmaceutical analyses, and results indicate similar composition to other urine-derived fertilizers. Certain pharmaceuticals persist through application and can be detected at low concentrations in lysimeter water and plant tissue. As determined by nucleic acid staining, more than 108 cells/mL remain in urine that was stored for more than three months; however, BacLight viability staining suggests that more than 50% of bacteria in two-month-old urine have damaged membranes.
KW - Nutrient recovery
KW - Resource recovery
KW - Source-separated urine
KW - Urine-based fertilizer
UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85070653079
U2 - 10.2175/193864715819541945
DO - 10.2175/193864715819541945
M3 - Conference contribution
AN - SCOPUS:85070653079
T3 - 88th Annual Water Environment Federation Technical Exhibition and Conference, WEFTEC 2015
SP - 1994
EP - 2006
BT - 88th Annual Water Environment Federation Technical Exhibition and Conference, WEFTEC 2015
PB - Water Environment Federation
T2 - 88th Annual Water Environment Federation Technical Exhibition and Conference, WEFTEC 2015
Y2 - 26 September 2015 through 30 September 2015
ER -