Dynamics of a creeping Newtonian jet with gravity and surface tension: A finite difference technique for solving steady free‐surface flows using orthogonal curvilinear coordinates

A finite difference technique capable of simulating steady, incompressible, viscous, free‐surface flows has been successfully applied to the motion of a creeping Newtonian jet, including both surface tension and gravitational forces. In accordance with experimental results, the numerical solutions predict either a 12 or 16% increase in the jet dimensions depending on whether the jet emerges from a circular or a slit die. Both gravity and surface tension inhibit the swelling behavior.