Diet in the epidemiology of endometrial cancer in Western New York (United States)

Objectives: We examined diet and risk of endometrial cancer among women in the Western New York Diet Study (1986-1991). Methods: Self-reported frequency of use of 172 foods and beverages during the 2 years before the interview and other relevant data were collected by detailed interviews from 232 endometrial cancer cases and 639 controls, frequency-matched for age and county of residence. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated by unconditional logistic regression, adjusting for age, education, body mass index (BMI), smoking history, hypertension, diabetes, age at menarche, parity, oral contraceptive use, menopausal status, menopausal estrogen use, and energy. Results: Risks were reduced for women in the highest quartiles of intake of protein (OR 0.4, 95% CI: 0.2-0.9), dietary fiber (OR 0.5, 95% CI: 0.3-1.0), phytosterols (OR 0.6, 95% CI: 0.3-1.0), vitamin C (OR 0.5, 95% CI: 0.3-0.8) folate (OR 0.4, 95% CI: 0.2-0.7), alpha-carotene (OR 0.6, 95% CI: 0.4-1.0), beta-carotene (OR 0.4, 95% CI: 0.2-0.6), lycopene (OR 0.6, 95% CI: 0.4-1.0), lutein + zeaxanthin (OR 0.3, 95% CI: 0.2-0.5) and vegetables (OR 0.5, 95% CI: 0.3-0.9), but unrelated to energy (OR 0.9, 95% CI: 0.6-1.5) or fat (OR 1.6, 95% CI: 0.7-3.4). Conclusions: Our results support previous findings of reduced endometrial cancer risks associated with a diet high in plant foods.