Damage in carbon fiber-reinforced concrete, monitored by electrical resistance measurement

Damage of carbon fiber-reinforced concrete was revealed by an increase in the DC electrical resistance in the stress direction during dynamic compression. Minor damage that did not involve a change in modulus resulted in a partially reversible increase in resistance during loading at a stress above that in prior loading. Major damage that involved a decrease in modulus resulted in resistance increase occurring in every loading cycle irrespective of prior loading and in an irreversible increase in the baseline resistance.