Communication Openings: A Novel Approach for Serious Illness Communication in Homecare

Serious illness communication in homecare about hospice and/or palliative care transitions is lacking due to clinical culture. The purpose of the current study was to understand communication openings using COMFORT , a palliative care communication model used to train nurses. Qualitative, focus group interviews with 31 homecare nurses were conducted. Data were transcribed verbatim and thematically analyzed using NVivo software, followed by hand-sorting. Four themes for communication openings for initiating discussions about potential hospice and/or palliative care transitions were identifi ed: Organizational Openings (homecare appropriateness, eligibility requirements, and staffi ng); Patient Openings (patient physical decline, psychosocial changes, safety concerns, and denying/stopping care); Caregiver Openings (caregiver physical changes and patient readiness); and Nurse Openings (need for hospice, checking for prognosis understanding, increasing interprofessional care needs, and providing end-of-life care). This study extends the concept of communication openings in the COMFORT model. Further development of communication openings as part of COMFORT communication is needed in educational and intervention research.