Carbon-matrix composites

Carbon-matrix composites are important for high-temperature applications. For high-temperature structural applications, they are dominated by continuous carbon fiber carbon-matrix composites (carbon-carbon composites). They are commonly made from the corresponding polymer-matrix composites, though the process is complicated by the porosity generated by the conversion of the polymer to carbon and the consequent need to reduce the porosity. Carbon-matrix composites are also attractive for their high thermal conductivity, high electrical conductivity, low coefficient of thermal expansion and high effectiveness for EMI shielding. The conductivity allows the self-monitoring of strain, stress and damage through the measurement of the electrical resistance or capacitance.