Bacteriophage Therapy Against Klebsiella Pneumoniae

Antibiotic resistance is arguably one of the greatest threats to global health today. The worldwide emergence of multidrug-resistant and hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae underscores the urgent need for alternative treatments. Bacteriophages (phages) are considered one of the most promising alternatives to address this crisis. In this review, we summarize current knowledge of phage–host interactions and highlight recent advances in phage therapy against K. pneumoniae, including phage cocktails, antibiotic combination therapy, and treatments based on phage-derived proteins. Despite their tremendous therapeutic potential, significant challenges remain. We therefore also discuss strategies to optimize phage research and recent innovations in the field.