Anti‐Inflammatory Effects of (3S)‐Vestitol on Peritoneal Macrophages

The isoflavone (3S)‐vestitol, obtained from red propolis, has exhibited anti‐inflammatory, antimicrobial, and anti‐caries activity; however, few manuscripts deal with its anti‐inflammatory mechanisms in macrophages. The objective is to elucidate the anti‐inflammatory mechanisms of (3S)‐vestitol on those cells. Peritoneal macrophages of C57BL6 mice, stimulated with lipopolysac-charide, were treated with 0.37 to 0.59 μM of (3S)‐vestitol for 48 h. Then, nitric oxide (NO) quantities, macrophages viability, the release of 20 cytokines and the transcription of several genes related to cytokine production and inflammatory response were evaluated. The Tukey–Kramer variance analysis test statistically analyzed the data. (3S)‐vestitol 0.55 μM (V55) lowered NO release by 60% without altering cell viability and diminished IL‐1β, IL‐1α, G‐CSF, IL‐10 and GM‐CSF levels. V55 re-duced expression of Icam‐1, Wnt5a and Mmp7 (associated to inflammation and tissue destruction in periodontitis) and Scd1, Scd2, Egf1 (correlated to atherosclerosis). V55 increased expression of Socs3 and Dab2 genes (inhibitors of cytokine signaling and NF‐κB pathway), Apoe (associated to atherosclerosis control), Igf1 (encoder a protein with analogous effects to insulin) and Fgf10 (fibroblasts growth factor). (3S)‐vestitol anti‐inflammatory mechanisms involve cytokines and NF‐κB pathway inhibition. Moreover, (3S)‐vestitol may be a candidate for future in vivo investigations about the treatment/prevention of persistent inflammatory diseases such as atherosclerosis and periodontitis.