An electret model of the nerve membrane

Mathematical models of the nerve membrane are investigated in which the individual layers of a bilayer are assumed to have the properties of an electret or ferroelectric. Associated with the electric field induced co-operative dipole realignment are postulated changes in ion permeability and polarization. With certain choices of parameters, the simple single domain model displays the major features of the nerve action potential, including initiation by a reduction in the magnitude of the resting potential and the automatic return to the resting state. A more elaborate multiple-domain model predicts the shapes of the action potential and time-dependent Na⁺ and K⁺ conduction curves. A qualitative explanation for inactivation is provided.