Acute peroneal tendon tears

Acute tears of the peroneus brevis tendon, the peroneus longus tendon, or both tendons are in the differential diagnosis for lateral hindfoot pain and instability. The diagnosis may be difficult as several forms of tendinopathy exist, including tenosynovitis, tendinosis, tendon subluxation, or dislocation and acute and chronic tears. Often, these conditions can occur simultaneously. Diagnostic imaging can be very useful in the evaluation of hindfoot pathology. Usually, an acute tear is associated with a significant ankle injury, but may also be seen in minor trauma when preexisting pathology exists. There are no prospective studies that indicate the best treatment options. Although conservative options exist, operative treatment is the preferred method for treatment of an acute tear. The surgery performed will depend on the viability of the ruptured tendon and any additional pathology of the ankle or hindfoot that may have contributed to the tear. Rehabilitation protocols vary according to the surgery performed. Good function can be restored when the appropriate treatments are provided.